论语读后感之三十二 读后感作文
论语读后感
《论语》是孔子死后，弟子们把他平日的言行记录收集起来，整理编成的。其中有孔子的言论，也有弟子们的自相问答，它是儒家思想所依据的经典。
孔子（公元前551—前479年），名丘，字仲尼。他父亲孔纥，又名叔梁纥，曾做过陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）宰，本身属于贵族阶级下层的“士”。他的母亲姓颜，名叫征在。孔子3岁时，父亲就死了，17岁时母亲也死了。孔子青年时，曾做过管理仓库（委吏）和管理牛羊（乘田）的小吏。后来孔子精通“六艺”（礼、乐、射、御、书、数）。
孔子的政治主张是“礼”和“仁”的学说。他生活于春秋大变革时代，他反对以政、刑来强迫人民服从。他所说的“礼”，是一种政治秩序，他所说的“仁”，是最高的道德规范，当然，这种仁和礼是有上下、尊卑、贵贱、等级之分的。动荡不安的春秋时代，诸侯为了争霸，是讲究实力，着眼于利的，所以未能采纳孔子“仁”的政治主张，孔子也没有被重用。孔子师徒颠沛流离14年周游列国，于公元前484年（鲁哀公十一年）返回鲁国，这时孔子已是白发苍苍的68岁的老人了。但孔子用他晚年的精力，集中整理古籍——“六经”。
公元前479年，孔子去世，享年72岁。他的弟子和再传弟子辑录其言论，编成《论语》一书，共20篇，计492节，合计12700字。《论语》记到孔子晚年的学生曾参的死为止，其中保留着孔子生平、思想学说的重要材料，尤其是教育思想和教学活动的重要材料。它是我国一份十分重要的文化遗产，也可以说，它可作为中国历史上最早的一部教育书。
孔子从他的政治、哲学和心理学观点出发，认为德育的主要内容是仁和礼。所以他主张“为政以德”，这反映了当时人的价值的提高和奴隶要求解放的时代特征。因此，孔子的道德观是适应时代潮流的，具有进步意义的。
孔子所谓“礼”，其核心是“正名”。在孔子看来，周礼最重要的原则是尊尊与亲亲。为了贯彻亲亲和尊尊的原则，孔子提出“正名”的主张，他说：“名不正，则言不顺；言不顺，则事不成；事不成，则礼乐不兴；礼乐不兴，则刑罚不中；刑罚不中，则民无所措手足。”（《论语·子路》）所以，孔子提出“君君，臣臣，父父，子子” （《论语·颜渊》）作为“正名”的具体内容。就是说，为君者要使自己符合于君道，为臣者要符合于臣道，为父者要符合于父道，为子者要符合于子道。在等级森严的奴隶制社会里，上下尊卑的关系是靠“礼”来维持的。因此，孔子对于不按自己名分行事的人和事进行批评。如他批评鲁国大夫季氏“八佾舞于庭，是可忍也，熟不可忍也？”（《论语·八佾》）鲁国的三桓在祭祖时，唱起天子祭祀“相维辟公，天子穆穆”的《雍》诗，也受到孔子的指责。
孔子道德思想的范畴，主要是“仁”。孔子主张“仁”，在《论语》中有多重涵义。一是“仁者爱人”；二是“克己复礼为仁”；三是“仁者人也”。郭沫若在《十批判书》中说过：孔子“这种所谓仁道，很显然的是顺应着奴隶解放的潮流的。这也就是人的发现。”孔子主张“仁”，孟子重视“义”，所以，孔子的“杀身成仁”（《论语·卫灵公》）与他的继承人孟子的“舍生取义”（《孟子·告子上》），对后世志士仁人的影响极为深远。
孔子是我国第一个主张“因材施教”的教育家。他对子路、冉有的不同教育就可以说明：
子路问：“闻斯行诸？”子曰：“有父兄在，如之何其闻斯行之？”
冉有问：“闻斯行诸？”子曰：“闻斯行之。”
公西华曰：“由也问闻斯行诸，子曰，有‘父兄在’；
求也问闻斯行诸，子曰，‘闻斯行之’。赤也惑，敢问。”
英文读后感之老人与海读后感
the Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingway's most enduring works and may very well become one of the true classics of this generation. It played a GREat part in his winning the Pulizer Prize in 1953 and the 1954 Novel Prize for Literature and confirmed his power and presence in the literary world. Hemingway is also one of my favorite writers. Besides The Old Man And the Sea, I have read some of his other works, such as The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms and The Snow of Kilimanijaro. But The Old Man and the Sea is the one that left the deepest impression on me.
I first read this book when I was in my fifteens. And now I remember it just as well as if I had read it yesterday.
Pride and Prejudice is a chefdoeuvre.
My first impression of this story was from screen.
It's long long ago, maybe before I can read english books. I don't remember which movie edition I had seen. But I was impressed by the music, the scenery and the costume. I was very favor of a section of music in its balls. It's pretty brisk, liked a wonderful song of a bird. Regarding to the characters, I liked Elizabeth, the heroine,though I didn't think she's beautiful. But she's smart. However, I didn't pay much attention to the plot. I thought it's so long that it made me impatient and bored. By now, I haven't read the whole story in English or its Chinese version, either. I owe it to my prejudice.
In fact, I didn't understand the story at that time. I didn't know why it called Pride and Prejudice. Of course someone was pride, but I didn't find where' s the prejudice. I thought it's normal, the way people treated each other in that. I considered prejudice would be very disgusting. But to the movie everthing was OK in my minds, except its length. Now, I think I have understood more about it. I'm a prejudiced person so I can't find where's wrong. I merely like to do the things I like. Everytime I meet somebody or something,my thinking about he or it all depends on my foregone experience and my mood of the time.
